Rhinopharyngitis causes. Treatment of rhinopharyngitis in children and adults

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The disease received this name for a reason, because it combines two diseases: pharyngitis and rhinitis.

So, before treating such a pathology in adults, you need to understand related diseases that also require treatment.

Rhinitis is a simple runny nose or inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Its progression is divided into several stages, each of which has its own characteristic symptoms.

On initial stage there are such manifestations as:

1. sore throat;
2. headache;
3. mild cough;
4. insignificant increase in temperature.

At the second stage, liquid mucus begins to secrete from the nose, it is stuffy. The patient’s temperature also rises and clarity of consciousness is lost.

In the third stage, the nose is stuffy and thick snot flows from it. If there are no complications, the disease goes away in 7-10 days.

Pharyngitis is a disease in which the pharyngeal mucosa becomes inflamed. Often this process develops after suffering from an acute respiratory infection or.

Sometimes it appears due to exposure to bacteria that provoke a sore throat. Symptoms of the disease include soreness and constant pain in the throat and cough.

If nasal discharge is profuse and the patient is bothered painful sensations when swallowing, he will most likely be diagnosed with rhinopharyngitis. This disease is a complication acute form rhinitis, in which the pharyngeal mucosa becomes inflamed.

For these reasons, the patient complains of pain that occurs during swallowing. In this case, symptoms such as thickening of the mucous membrane, redness of the pharynx, and sometimes pustules or mucous plaque form on it.

It is worth noting that there are diseases whose manifestations are similar to nasopharyngitis. These include laryngopharyngitis, which is a complicated variant of rhinopharyngitis.

Causes of the disease

The main factors for the occurrence of the disease include:

1. hypothermia;
2. bacteria;
3. viral infection.

Often, acute nasopharyngitis in adults occurs against a background of weakened immunity. And the infectious agents of this pathology are different types cocci.

As the disease develops, some of the cells enter the mucous membrane, causing it to swell, blood vessels expand, and blood flow rushes to the pharyngeal cavity. At the same time, the blood supply often passes to the mucous membrane of the ear canals.

Typically, inflammation is concentrated in areas where lymphoid tissue accumulates.

Symptoms

Everyone is familiar with the manifestations of this disease. They occur at the beginning of a cold, when it is difficult to breathe due to nasal congestion. At the same time, the nasopharynx dries out, soreness and burning appear in it.

Over time, redness of the pharynx is noted, and copious amounts of mucus are released from the nose. In addition, the lining of the throat swells and the veins become more visible. There is no plaque on the tissues, but if there is any, then diphtheria should be excluded.

With acute pharyngitis, changes occur in the voice - it is nasal and distorted. Pain sensations are concentrated in the back of the head, and the cervical lymph nodes become enlarged. An increase in temperature does not always occur, but if it increases, it is to a slight level.

Usually, painful sensations in the throat with rhinopharyngitis resemble the symptoms of a sore throat, in which inflammation of the tonsils occurs. This disease is characterized by intense pain that occurs when swallowing and elevated temperature.

Although with pharyngitis and nasopharyngitis, you can drink warm tea, after which relief will come, but no increase in temperature is noted.

Allergic nasopharyngitis: manifestations

The symptoms of this type of disease in adults are similar to the usual form of the disease. The only difference is that inflammatory process has an allergic nature. Thus, the appearance of the disease is facilitated by an allergen, which must be eliminated by limiting contact with it.

In addition, with this form of the disease, the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, nose and pharynx becomes inflamed. Often the inflammation begins in the nose and then goes down to the throat. If this process starts in the pharynx (this symptom characterizes laryngopharyngitis), then over time it reaches the nose, as a result of which rhinitis develops.

Symptoms of nasopharyngitis in adults are as follows:

• cough;
• runny nose and nasal congestion;
• discomfort in the throat;
• mucus flowing along the back wall;
• redness and swelling of the throat.

Basically, allergic rhinopharyngitis occurs together with nasal diseases of an inflammatory nature.

In addition, the disease often develops against the background of pathologies such as laryngopharyngitis and other diseases of the nose, pharynx and larynx.

This type of disease progresses if the acute or ordinary form of nasopharyngitis is not treated. This type of disease appears due to the constant presence of infection in the sinuses and teeth affected by caries.

The chronic type of rhinopharyngitis is divided into subtypes:

1. atrophic;
2. hypertrophic;
3. catarrhal.

If the disease has an atrophic form, then adults experience symptoms such as:

• hoarse voice;
• discomfort in the throat;
• excessive shine, thinness and pallor of the mucous membrane;
• feeling of soreness in the throat.

Hypertrophic and catarrhal nasopharyngitis are also characterized by sensations such as pain and rawness in the throat. In addition, there is abundant purulent discharge from the mucous membranes coming from the pharynx and nose, which leads to constant coughing.

In addition, if the patient changes his body position in the morning, then severe expectoration occurs, which can even result in vomiting. In this case, there is a slight enlargement of the tonsils, and their mucous membrane becomes swollen and loose.

In the area of ​​the back wall of the pharynx, symptoms such as enlarged lymph nodes () are noted. And if there is an increase in lymphoid tissue along the lateral walls of the pharynx, then the patient will be diagnosed with lateral rhinopharyngitis.

Drug treatment of nasopharyngitis

Inflammation of the throat and nose in adults should be treated with external medications that have the following effects:

1. anti-inflammatory;
2. antimicrobial;
3. analgesic.

To the very effective means local applications include:

• antiseptic tablets – Ambazon, Antiangin, Dyclonine;
• iodine-based preparations – Povidone-iodine;
• products based on herbal ingredients and essential oils– Rotokan, Septolete;
• sprays and aerosols - Propolis, Fusafungin, Dexamethozone.

In certain cases, treatment of nasopharyngitis with local remedies is ineffective. Under such circumstances, the doctor prescribes antibacterial drugs. In particular, it is necessary to treat the disease in this way if pharyngitis and rhinitis occur together with a sore throat, the appearance of which is provoked by the proliferation of B-hemolytic streptococcus. In such a situation, it is necessary to take antibiotics belonging to the penicillin group.

How to treat chronic nasopharyngitis and laryngopharyngitis in adults? The first step is to sanitize the infectious foci and clear the throat of mucus. For this purpose, you need to gargle with saline solution (1%).

In addition, this solution can be used to irrigate the throat and do inhalations. Besides antiseptic with sea salt can be purchased at the pharmacy.

The chronic form of nasopharyngitis does not need to be treated constantly. Therapy should be carried out only in case of exacerbation for no more than 10 days. Then there is a break for half a month.

It is worth noting that the chronic form of the disease cannot be completely cured.

But at the same time, it is possible to carry out preventive treatment that will maintain normal nasal breathing, so that subsequently you do not have to use antibiotics, which have a lot of side effects.

Treatment of rhinopharyngitis with folk remedies

Acute and chronic forms of the disease should be treated with regular gargling. To do this, you can prepare special solutions:

1. One tbsp. l. dry sage infused in a glass of boiling water.
2. 1 tsp dissolves in a glass of water. soda

Along with rinsing, you can instill natural oils (salt, olive) into your nose. In addition, for inhalation and irrigation of the nasopharynx it is useful to use non-carbonated mineral water"Borjomi".

Prevention

To avoid having to treat an inflamed nasopharynx with harmful antibacterial agents, you must follow preventive measures. Yes, we must lead healthy image life, including giving up bad habits, sports activities and avoiding emotional and psychological stress.

At the same time, it is necessary to do regular important cleaning, which minimizes the number of harmful bacteria in the room. In addition, this will maintain a humidity level that is camphoric for the human body.

If possible, you should avoid contact with people with colds. In addition, it is important not to overcool the body.

In fact, preventing the occurrence of nasopharyngitis is much easier than its subsequent treatment. Therefore, it is easier to follow preventive measures than to suffer from unpleasant symptoms of the disease by taking antibacterial agents, having mass side effects. About the treatment of pharyngitis and its forms - in the video in this article.

Acute nasopharyngitis refers to acute respiratory viral diseases(or as everyone used to call it, ARVI), which are transmitted by airborne droplets. According to the international classification ICD 10, this disease is assigned the code J00 – J006.

With such a disease, both the nose and throat are simultaneously affected, which causes symptoms specific to nasopharyngitis. Most often, preschool and junior children are susceptible to it. school age, less often - adolescents and adults. According to statistics, every child suffers from nasopharyngitis on average 4 to 6 times a year. There is also a certain seasonality of the disease - the peak incidence occurs in the autumn-winter period and early spring.

Causes of the disease

In the vast majority of cases, the cause that causes acute nasopharyngitis is an adenovirus, which, when it enters the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, begins to spread rapidly and affects the nasopharynx and pharynx located in the immediate vicinity.

Somewhat less frequently, this disease develops under the influence of bacteria such as beta-hemolytic streptococcus type A, Haemophilus influenzae, and Staphylococcus aureus. Often there is a combination of several types pathogenic microorganisms. Streptococcus belongs to a group of bacteria that are normally present in the nasal cavity, throat, intestines, and organs of the urinary system.

The pathogenic effects of streptococci on the body are restrained immune system, therefore, when its functioning is disrupted, bacterial inflammation develops. In addition, with weakened immunity, susceptibility to various types adenovirus. So, acute nasopharyngitis can provoke:

• Hypothermia.
• Weakening due to a previous illness.
• Hearth chronic infection in organism.
• Deficiency of vitamins and microelements in the diet.
• Enlarged adenoids (adenoiditis).

Children are more susceptible to diseases of the upper respiratory tract due to their characteristics anatomical structure in the first years of life. They rarely have isolated forms. viral infections(for example, just rhinitis or pharyngitis). In addition, many doctors note the relationship between unfavorable environmental factors, smoking with frequent nasopharyngitis.

How is the disease diagnosed?

Usually the doctor makes a diagnosis based on a general examination of the nasal cavity, oral cavity patient and clinical symptoms. There is swelling of the nasal mucosa, discharge, swelling and redness of the pharynx, palate, and enlargement of the cervical and occipital lymph nodes. In young children, slight swelling of the tongue is often observed.

Rhinopharyngitis Psychosomatics

What is pharyngitis and how to treat it

Pharyngitis. Children's doctor.

Elena Malysheva. Pharyngitis

Fervex, instructions. Rhinitis, allergic rhinitis, nasopharyngitis, influenza

Most often, the doctor prescribes treatment immediately, without conducting any additional examinations. However, in some cases, the clinical picture of acute rhinopharyngitis is similar to the symptoms of others, much more dangerous diseases. Differential diagnosis necessary if you suspect the following diseases:

• Diphtheria. A distinctive feature of this pathology is the formation of a characteristic plaque on the pharynx.
• Sore throat is manifested by a sharp increase in temperature, severe pain when swallowing and talking.
• Scarlet fever. On the second or third day after the appearance of a sore throat and fever, a rash appears on the body.
• Allergic runny nose. With allergies, there is no sore throat, fever, and nasal discharge is abundant and clear.

It is also worth noting that if the cause of acute nasopharyngitis is bacterial inflammation, it is recommended to undergo a bacterial culture from the pharynx and nasopharynx. The fact is that chronic streptococcal infection is fraught with the development of systemic complications, including autoimmune diseases. Therefore, if streptococcus is detected, further monitoring over time and appropriate long-term antibacterial therapy are required.

Clinical manifestations of the disease

Incubation period adenovirus infection usually ranges from 2 to 5 days. After this time, the disease begins acutely. The following symptoms are noted:

• Feeling of “stuffy” nose.
• Copious discharge from the nasal cavity. At the beginning of the disease they are transparent, after a few days they become thicker, and as complications develop, they become purulent.
• Sore throat that gets worse when swallowing, coughing or sneezing.
• Watery eyes.
• Hoarseness.
• General deterioration in health associated with intoxication - headache, weakness, drowsiness, increased fatigue.
• Decreased appetite.

In adults, acute nasopharyngitis usually occurs without fever or with mild subfebrile condition (up to 37 - 37.5°). For young children, fever up to 37.5 - 38° is more typical. In infants, the disease is much more severe. Due to nasal congestion, sleep is disturbed, the child experiences discomfort during feeding, and becomes restless and capricious. Manifestations from the outside are also possible gastrointestinal tract. When the nasal mucosa swells during feeding, the child takes in air through his mouth, which leads to flatulence, abdominal pain and stool upset.

Complications of acute nasopharyngitis

In adults and adolescents, even without treatment, the disease resolves within 5 to 7 days. However, in people with weakened immune systems or chronic diseases respiratory tract, pregnant women are at high risk of developing bacterial complications:

• Otitis.
• Bronchitis.
• Sinusitis.
• Inflammation of the lungs.

In addition to the listed diseases, children have a risk of bronchospasm and false croup. In some cases, the lack of adequate therapy leads to the transition of acute nasopharyngitis to a chronic form.

The general principles of treatment of nasopharyngitis in adults and children are the same. First of all, it is necessary to “help” the body cope with the infection on its own. For this it is recommended:

• Maintaining the temperature in the room (apartment) at 19 – 21°. Staying a patient in a hot room will cause the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx to dry out and worsen his condition.
• Humidity. This is especially true during the heating season. If you are prone to upper respiratory tract diseases, you can purchase a humidifier.
• Regular ventilation of the room.
• Daily wet cleaning.

The patient also needs to drink plenty of fluids. It is better to give preference to rosehip decoction, warm tea, and jelly. To avoid unnecessary irritation on the mucous membrane of the pharynx, it is better to consume food warm.

The diet must include fruits and berries rich in vitamin C. To avoid the development of complications, during acute course For rhinopharyngitis, bed rest is recommended.

Drug therapy

In acute nasopharyngitis, the most inconvenient thing is a stuffy nose. To alleviate this condition you need to:

• Nasal irrigation saline solutions Humer, Atomer Aqua-Maris, etc. You can also prepare it yourself at the rate of 1 teaspoon sea ​​salt per glass of warm boiled water. Salt, as well as other trace elements that are included in such preparations, help reduce swelling and moisturize the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.
• When treating nasopharyngitis in children who, due to their age, are not able to blow their nose on their own, it is necessary to remove mucus from the nose using a special aspirator. Otrivin is best suited for these purposes.
• Vasoconstrictor drops. Today, pharmacies offer a huge selection of such products. These are Nazivin, Vibrocil, Rinazolin, Galazolin, etc. However, it must be borne in mind that such drugs have only a symptomatic effect, and when long-term use can lead to the opposite effect - causing swelling of the nasal mucosa. Therefore, it is recommended to drip them no more than three times a day.
• Antihistamines to relieve symptoms of a severe runny nose and watery eyes. Such drugs as Erius, Loratadine, Cetrin, Suprastin are suitable.
• Nasal drops for the treatment of rhinopharyngitis. This is Protargol, Pinosol. They do not have a vasoconstrictor effect, so they need to be dripped onto a “clean nose”.
• Lozenges Decathylene, Faringosept, Falimint, Lisobakt. An alternative to tablets are throat sprays (Hexoral, Tantum-Verde, Ingalipt, Givalex).
• Gargling with special solutions (for example, Stomatidin, Givalex), herbal decoctions (calendula, chamomile).
• Means to reduce temperature (if it rises above 38.3 - 38.5°). These are Nurofen, Ibufen, Panadol, Paracetamol, Analdim. Syrups or suppositories are recommended for children, tablets for adults.

It is worthwhile to dwell separately on antiviral therapy. Previously, for the treatment of acute nasopharyngitis, they were always prescribed antiviral drugs(Anaferon, Amiksin, Arbidol, Cycloferon, etc.). They were also recommended for the prevention of upper respiratory tract infections. However, today many doctors agree that such treatment leads to a weakening of one’s own immunity in the future. Therefore, you should start taking them only if the body is not able to overcome the virus on its own.

If the cause of acute nasopharyngitis is bacteria, then a course of antibiotics is necessary. Bacterial culture takes about 3–5 days, so treatment begins immediately and antibacterial drugs are prescribed wide range actions. And then, after receiving test results, therapy is adjusted if necessary.

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Diseases of the upper respiratory tract are perhaps the most common ailments that an otolaryngologist has to deal with. Such pathological conditions can occur under the influence of many factors, but most often they are caused by the aggression of viruses and bacteria. Lack of adequate correction of such diseases or exposure to additional irritating factors can lead to the development of a chronic form of the disease. The topic of our conversation today will be chronic nasopharyngitis, the symptoms and treatment of which in adults we will discuss in a little more detail.

By nasopharyngitis we mean inflammation localized in the area of ​​the mucous membranes of the nose and pharynx. This disease combines two similar diseases - rhinitis and pharyngitis. The chronic form of the disease usually occurs due to insufficiently comprehensive treatment for acute forms of rhinopharyngitis or ordinary sinusitis.

Often, with this disease, the patient experiences the presence of an infectious focus in carious teeth or in the nasal sinuses. There are three types of chronic nasopharyngitis, represented by atrophic nasopharyngitis, catarrhal pharyngitis, and hypertrophic nasopharyngitis.

How does chronic nasopharyngitis manifest, what are its symptoms in adults?

In the atrophic chronic form of rhinopharyngitis, the patient often complains of discomfort and rawness in the throat area, and hoarseness may occur. Upon examination, pallor of the mucous membranes is noticeable, they become thinner and excessively shiny.

With catarrhal and hypertrophic forms, the patient may complain of painful sensations in the throat, as well as rawness. In addition, he is bothered by the feeling of presence foreign body in this area. With these types of chronic nasopharyngitis, abundant mucous or purulent discharge appears from both the nose and throat, which forces the patient to systematically cough up. When the body position changes in the morning, the patient begins to cough especially violently, and may even experience vomiting reflex. Quite often, the growth of the tonsils is recorded; they may be slightly reddened.

The mucous membranes become loose and swollen in the tonsil area. There is an increase lymph nodes in the area of ​​the back wall of the pharynx (doctors talk about granulosa rhinopharyngitis). If there is an increase in lymphoid tissue along the side walls, lateral rhinopharyngitis is diagnosed.

With all types of chronic rhinopharyngitis, the patient may be bothered by bad breath and a feeling of dryness, which is accompanied by thirst. From time to time, patients develop hard crusts, which are explained by the drying of the mucus that separates. When trying to get rid of them, vomiting and nausea occur.

How is chronic nasopharyngitis corrected? What is its effective treatment in adults?

Therapy for chronic nasopharyngitis should be comprehensive. Patients with this diagnosis must adhere to dietary nutrition: switch to easily digestible foods, reduce the overall calorie content of the diet, eliminate the consumption of hot, spicy, and cold foods. An important role is played by maintaining a drinking regime - taking a sufficient amount of liquid, at least one and a half to two liters of ordinary water per day. For successful recovery, it is necessary to systematically wet clean the room, ventilate and control air humidity (maintain at 50-55%).

In case of exacerbation of chronic nasopharyngitis, the doctor may prescribe an appointment antihistamines, relieving swelling and helping to eliminate inflammation. Such drugs are represented by the drugs Loratadine, Cetirizine, Tavegil (the instructions for use of each drug before use must be studied personally from the official annotation included in the package!). Rinsing and washing the nose have an excellent effect. By the way, preparations with sea ​​water– Aquamaris, Physiomer, Aqualor, etc.

Experts advise treating the throat with Lugol or Propolis Tincture with alcohol. Miramistin can also be used for this purpose.

For instillation into the nose for rhinopharyngitis, you should use oil drops (for example, Pinosol or ordinary boiled olive oil), you can also use solutions of Collargol or Protargol.

An excellent effect is obtained by inhalation with ordinary saline solution or mineral water.

With timely correction, exacerbation of chronic nasopharyngitis subsides quite quickly. In order for the therapy to be as effective as possible, the doctor can also prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures to the patient, represented by electrical procedures and heating of the nasopharynx, electrophoresis, and irradiation of the nasopharynx with tube-quartz. Biogenic stimulants and proteolytic enzymes often provide a remarkable therapeutic effect.

In the event that the disease does not respond conservative therapy, the doctor may insist on laser treatment, cryotherapy or minimally invasive surgical interventions.

Folk remedies

Chronic nasopharyngitis in adults can be treated using not only medications, but also traditional medicine.

Using calamus in combination with chamomile gives an excellent effect. Grind the calamus root in the amount of a tablespoon and brew with half a liter of boiling water and simmer over low heat for ten minutes. Next, add a tablespoon of chamomile to the broth, stir and remove from heat. Infuse the medicine under the lid for an hour. Use the strained drink for rinsing and inhalation.

Also, for chronic nasopharyngitis, you can use pine buds, the use of which in folk medicine allows you to prepare good medicine. To prepare such a healing remedy, you need to stock up on half a kilogram of pine buds, brew them with one and a half liters of water and send them to the fire. Bring the mixture to a boil and simmer for twenty minutes.

Infuse the medicine until it cools, then strain. For a liter of the resulting decoction, prepare a kilogram of honey and ten milliliters of thirty percent propolis tincture. Combine all ingredients, mix thoroughly and store in the refrigerator. Take the prepared medicine one tablespoon three times a day.

The advisability of using traditional medicine should be discussed with your doctor.

Ekaterina, www.site

Rhinopharyngitis is an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, larynx and even the trachea and bronchi. Difficulty breathing not only causes significant discomfort, but also disrupts the protective function.

Often this is one of the manifestations of ARVI, which, in turn, accounts for approximately 90% of all infectious diseases. Rhinopharyngitis is a comprehensive concept that combines the consequences of rhinitis and pharyngitis, with pronounced symptoms and affecting the entire body.

One or more irritants can provoke such an unpleasant phenomenon in babies and cause such a reaction from the mucous membrane:

• Bacterial
• Chemical
• Thermal
• Mechanical

This can give impetus to the development of viral or allergic rhinopharyngitis. The resistance of a small organism may not be sufficient to resist infection.

Acute nasopharyngitis most often occurs in children between 6 months and 2 years of age. Making decisions about appropriate treatment and diagnosis on your own can have unpredictable consequences. If signs appear, even some signs indicating the presence of nasopharyngitis, you should consult a doctor immediately! Common folk recipes on their own are powerless in the fight against infection and viruses.

Rhinopharyngitis may have different shapes with some features in symptomatic manifestation. The increasing intensity leads to a systematic deterioration in the little patient’s well-being. The correctness of the prescribed treatment will largely depend on correct definition type of nasopharyngitis.

Acute nasopharyngitis

This form of the disease is accompanied by:

• Department of mucus with purulent impurities
• Tickling in the nose, stuffiness, deformation of voice timbre
• Subfibrillation (range of temperature increase from 37 to 37.9 degrees)
• Sneezing, tearing
• General weakness
• Severe swelling of the mucous membranes

Allergic nasopharyngitis

Characteristic features are:

• Nasal congestion
• Inflammation of the pharynx and its redness
• Sore throat
• The mucus produced may drain down the back of the throat
• Appearance of cough

Chronic nasopharyngitis

If other forms that have arisen are not subjected to timely appropriate treatment, including, they become chronic. It is also divided into several types:

• Atrophic
• Catarrhal
• Hypertrophic

In the atrophic form, complaints most often come from discomfort in the larynx, which is explained by thinning of the mucous membrane. Various stages of hoarseness are noticeable. Catarrhal, hypertrophic forms cause in children a sore throat or a sensation of the presence of any foreign object. Such symptoms may be accompanied by purulent or mucous discharge, prompting the patient to relieve it by periodic or frequent expectoration.

Rhinopharyngitis in children is more severe than in adults, especially in the very early age. The temperature can reach 39 degrees, and nasal congestion leads to the refusal of food in the smallest children. The listed symptoms in some cases are accompanied by stool build-up. Intestinal disorders lead to a significant decrease in the baby’s body’s resistance.

You should never ignore the symptoms, otherwise the disease can quickly develop into pneumonia.

Will allow you to avoid fatal consequences, recognize diseases on early stage and prescribe appropriate treatment based on the clinical situation. For staging accurate diagnosis can't do without all kinds of laboratory research, which involves passing the appropriate tests. Endoscopy, taking smears for bacteria, viruses and cytology are only part of the necessary procedures.

After an initial consultation with a pediatrician and otolaryngologist, general data are analyzed based on the results of tests, complaints of the child and observations of parents, as well as instrumental studies.

Additional studies are ordered if it is necessary to exclude other forms, when making a final verdict causes difficulties. In this case, you should not neglect the recommendations of the doctor supervising the treatment.

It differs significantly from the treatment of the common cold. Treatment is based on the use of antiviral drugs:

• Anaferon (suitable for little ones)
• Viferon-gel
• Interferon
• Amiksin (for children over 7 years old)

In this case, taking medications should be timely. The earlier the cause is identified, the faster and more effectively the disease can be dealt with. The medication taken depends on the age of the child. To reduce the temperature and relieve fever, Nurofen or Paracetamol are used in combination with the listed drugs.

To facilitate breathing, it is necessary to use solutions of Ephidrine or Protagol. The procedures of rinsing the throat, gargling and additional suction of mucus are not excluded.

Homeopathic remedies can also give good results in combination with basic methods. In any case, you should not engage in treatment based on your own ideas; it is very dangerous and can only aggravate the situation. Qualified specialists will help solve the problem quickly and painlessly.

The baby’s health is completely in the hands of the parents, who must soberly assess the situation. Lack of due medical education does not allow you to make serious decisions on which the child’s health depends. Strict monitoring by the attending physician will help adjust treatment if it does not bring the desired result.

Secrets of traditional medicine

Almost no disease can survive without them. Treatment of nasopharyngitis is no exception; it is often treated in conjunction with folk remedies. What is given by nature itself gives health to us and our children. The most common prescriptions for the treatment of nasopharyngitis in children include:

• A mixture of Kalanchoe juice and beet juice, which has an anti-inflammatory effect
• Calendula juice used to rinse the nasal passages
• Onion juice combined with lemon and honey. It must be used with extreme caution; honey can cause a severe allergic reaction.
• Potato decoction, which has long been used for inhalation
• Infusions of various herbs, such as coltsfoot, licorice root or plantain

Prevention of nasopharyngitis

Prevention in most cases can be good remedy to prevent the onset of the disease. If there has been contact with a patient, you can use Oxolinic ointment.

It is necessary to monitor the child's breathing, teaching him to breathe through his nose. If for any reason breathing is difficult, contact a specialist. Listen to the pediatrician’s recommendations and undergo additional examination by an allergist in order to protect the child as much as possible from substances that provoke allergies, guided by the information received from the doctor.

In a series of everyday life, worries and a frantic pace of life, parents of any age can regard incipient nasopharyngitis as insignificant. It may be perceived as a simple and harmless runny nose.

In order not to regret the lost time, not to suffer from the resulting consequences and complications, you need to be attentive to your precious child and not delay visiting the doctor.

Many people know: you only have to become a victim of this disease once, and that’s it - it will become attached to you forever. The doctor will prescribe different drugs, and they will help you forget about it for a while unpleasant symptoms. But once you catch a cold, the disease will immediately return. This insidious disease is nasopharyngitis. What are its symptoms and how is it treated in adults?

One virus - two diseases: nasopharyngitis

This is a disease in which inflammation is localized in two places at once - in the nose and throat, which become clogged with mucus. Rhinopharyngitis, nasopharyngitis is a disease with a bad reputation: it occurs frequently, causes significant discomfort, is poorly treated, and easily becomes chronic. It is dangerous because it is of a viral nature (less commonly, bacterial), which means that antibiotics are useless against it.

Such diseases are characterized by rapid progression pathological process. From the source of inflammation, it quickly spreads to the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose, seizes the tonsils, larynx and can cause otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis and even pneumonia.

There are 3 forms of this disease. Each of them manifests itself and is treated in its own way. No special diagnostic measures are carried out. The otolaryngologist listens to complaints, examines the throat, nose and ears, writes a referral for clinical analysis blood and gives a list of medications.

Acute onset - runny nose, throat, fever. And yet not a “respirator”!

The acute form resembles an acute respiratory infection (often it occurs due to this infection). It begins suddenly, with the appearance of tingling and discomfort in the nasopharynx. At first, nasal symptoms (runny nose, stuffiness) or burning may predominate, sharp pain in the throat. Soon the following characteristic signs appear:

• dry mucous membranes;
• difficulty swallowing;
• hoarse voice;
• thick mucus that literally sticks to the nasopharynx;
• temperature increase;
• sneezing;
• tearfulness;
• general weakness, muscle tremors;
• headache;
• cough;
• congestion, pain and clicking in the ears (usually from the 3rd day of illness);
• lack of appetite.

Important! Viral pharyngitis is spread by airborne droplets. Therefore, it is recommended to isolate the patient so that he does not infect others.

If symptoms of acute viral nasopharyngitis are observed, then treatment in adults is aimed at combating the symptoms of the disease. Painkillers, antipyretics (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol, Aspirin), decongestants (Diazolin, Loratadine, Tavegil), nasal drops (Isofra, Vibrocil), sprays for irrigating the throat, antiseptic tablets (Ambazon, Antiangin, Dyclonin, Lizobakt), vasoconstrictors based on oxymethasone and phenylephrine. You need to drink a lot of liquid, rinse your nose with saline compounds, and often gargle with soda solution, sage decoction, and Furacilin.

If symptoms and culture confirm the bacterial origin of nasopharyngitis, treatment in adults also includes antihistamines or steroids (Aldecin, Nasonex, Nasobek), anti-inflammatory drugs (Erespal), Hexoral spray, antibiotics (Amoxicillin). To maintain immunity - Interferon, Amiksin.

Improvement usually occurs within 7-10 days.

• cough;
• rawness and sore throat;
• runny nose (stuffy one or two nostrils);
• sensation of a lump in the throat that cannot be cleared;
• mucous discharge mixed with blood or pus;
• mucus running down the back of the throat;
• difficulty breathing through the nose;
• accumulation of thick, difficult-to-separate mucous secretion in the nasopharynx;
• loss of smell;
• sleep disorder;
• when the body position changes from horizontal to vertical, the urge to expectorate begins (often to the point of vomiting);
• enlarged tonsils;
• swelling of the lymph nodes on the sides of the pharynx is possible.

There are 3 forms of chronic nasopharyngitis. The mildest is catarrhal nasopharyngitis: without exacerbation, it does not cause special problems. Subatrophic has a more severe course. The patient complains of intense discharge (often purulent), constant discomfort and sore throat. The worst prognosis is for the granulosa form, when the mucous membrane swells and becomes loose, and it comes to inflammation of the lymph nodes. It can cause life-threatening complications.

Therapy for chronic pharyngitis is aimed at eliminating the infectious focus. Treatment is carried out during the period of exacerbation. It is recommended to drip sea buckthorn or almond oil into the nose, intensively gargle with decoctions of sage, chamomile, chlorophyllipt, Lugol's solution, and do Borjomi inhalations through a nebulizer. Good result gives the use of Miramistin. From medicines Dexamethasone, Propolis, Fusafungin (in aerosols), Povidone-iodine, antiseptics in tablets - Dyclonin, Ambazon, herbal medicines - Rotokan, Septolete, anti-inflammatory are used.

Or maybe it's allergic?

The picture of the disease in the allergic variety of this disease generally coincides with the signs of “traditional” nasopharyngitis. But inflammation first occurs in the nose and then moves to the throat. You can recognize it by the following manifestations:

• the nose stops breathing, it constantly “flows”;
• cough bothers you;
• suffers from itchy eyes and watery eyes;
• the throat becomes red;
• there is a feeling of the presence of a mucous lump in the throat;
• mucus flows down the wall of the larynx;
• the face swells.

To cure this form, contact with the allergen should be eliminated. Therapy is carried out using the above drugs, as well as antiallergic drops and agents general action(Allergodil, Vibrocil, Sanallergin, Fexofast, Zirtek), sorbents.