Future tense of verbs made easy! Futur immédiat - action in the near future The near future tense is the rule in French.

In previous lessons you have already become acquainted with the forms of past and future tense. They may have seemed complicated to you, but the good thing about the French language is that it allows you to express the same idea in different ways, and the same time - in different ways. This is exactly what we will talk about in this lesson.

Name of the species-time form Passé composition is already familiar to you, but there is one more thing in French "passé" — Passé immediat or Passé recent or Passé Proche.

Education Passé immediat

Temporary form Passé immediat used to denote an action that took place very recently - in Russian this time is conveyed using adverbs “just now”, “recently”. For example: Je viens de voir ce beau film.— I just watched such a good film.

This tense is formed very simply: using the required form of the auxiliary verb venir in the present tense, preposition de and the infinitive of the semantic verb.

venir + de (d’ – before vowel and silent h) + infinitive

Let's remember the verb conjugation venir in the present tense:

ne And pas are placed before and after the verb venir, for example: Je ne viens pas d'arriver de Paris, je sius arrivé il y a deux heures. “I didn’t just arrive in Paris, I arrived two hours ago.”

Education Futur immediat

How is the future tense formed in French you know from the previous lesson. But to talk about what will happen, you can use another tense, and it’s called Futur immediat or Future Proche.
This tense is very simple in education and is built using an auxiliary verb aller. This tense is most often translated into Russian using the phrase “going to...”. For example: Je vais regarder un beau film.— I'm going to watch a good film.

So, the education scheme Future Proche looks like this:

aller + infinitive

Don't forget the verb conjugation aller in the present tense:

IN negative sentences particle shape ne And pas are placed before and after the verb aller, nothing new.
As you can see, both of these times are formed quite simply, which means you can complete the tasks without difficulty!

Lesson assignments

Exercise 1. Unfold the brackets using Passé Proche.
1. Il (boire) un verre de thé. 2. Nous (terminer) l’examen final. 3. Vous (allumer) la télé. 4. Il (lire) ce roman. 5. Elles (chanter) cette chanson. 6. Je (parler) à la radio. 7. Le train (arriver). 8. Je (rentrer).

Exercise 2. Open the brackets using Futur Proche.
1. Je (parler) au professeur. 2. Vous (sortir). 3. Il (acheter) une maison. 4. Nous (manger) de la glace pour le dîner. 5. Tu (aller) au supermarché. 6. Vous (chanter) dans le club. 7. Je ne (conduire) pas la voiture. 8. Elle (faire) les courses.

Answer 1.
1. viens de boire 2. venons de 3. venez de allumer 4. vient de lire 5. viennent de chanter 6. viens de parler 7. vient d’arriver 8. viens de rentrer

Answer 2.
1. vais parler 2. allez sortir 3. va acheter 4. allons manger 5. vas aller 6. allez chanter 7. vais conduire 8. va faire

The future tense in French is divided into several types. Each of these types is very important in coordinating tenses in a sentence. Below we will consider in detail the conjugation and agreement of the future tense.

Le Futur Simple - the simplest future tense

LeFutureSimple is the most commonly used future tense in French. It is called simple because no auxiliary verbs are involved in its formation. FutureSimple is formed as follows: verb infinitive + special endings. These endings are suitable for all three groups of verbs. We conjugate one verb for example and highlight the endings so that you can understand:

J'entrer ai
Tu enterr as
Il/elle enterr a
Nous enterr ons
Vous enterr ez
Ils/elles entrer ont

Since verbs Avoir And Etre stand apart and have a special meaning in the French language, they are conjugated in the simple future tense in their own way:

Avoir/Etre
J'aurai/serai
Tu auras/seras
Il/elle aura/sera
Nous aurons/serons
Vous aurez/serez
Ils/elles auront/seront

• Je parlerai avec Eugene demain. – I’ll talk to Evgeniy tomorrow.
• Jean enverra sa lettre la semaine prochaine. - Jean will send his letter next week.
• Nous les verrons après demain. - Wewe'll seetheirday after tomorrow.

A few more words are worth saying about the simple future tense. Verb envoyer in the future tense changes the stem: envoyer - enverr~ –j'enverrai etc. change by person.

Most verbs of group III form the future tense according to the rule. BUT: verbs ending in -re, lose the ending -e (attendre – j’attendrai).

A number of verbs of group III in the future tense change the stem:

• aller - ir~
• apercevoir - apercevr~
• avoir - aur~
• courier - courr~
• devoir - devr~
• être - ser~
• falloir - il faudra
• faire - fer~
• mourir - mourr~
• pleuvoir - il pleuvra
• pouvoir - pourr~
• recevoir - recevr~
• savoir - saur~
• tenir - tiendr~
• valoir - il vaudra
• venir - viendr~
• voir - verr~
• vouloir - voodr~

Le Futur Immédiat – near future tense

Le Futur Immédiat or, as it is also called, Proche, indicates an action that you will perform in the near future, soon, in a second, you are going to perform it now, in a moment.

It is formed using an auxiliary verb Aller(go) + infinitive of the conjugated verb:

Je vais chanter
Ty vas chanter
Il/elle va chanter
Nous allons chanter
Vous allez chanter
Ils/elles vont chanter

Verbs Avoir And Etre in the near future tense they are conjugated according to the same principle.

• Je vais commencerà lire ce texte tout de suite. - II'll startreadthistextNowor.
• Anne va te dire quelque-chose d'important. - Annawill sayyousome-Whatimportant.

There is also LeFutureImmédiatdanslePassé, which expresses an imminent future action in relation to the past (should have, soon, was about to, was about to do something). Used to coordinate tenses if the story is told in the past tense.

The education scheme is as follows: Aller V Imparfait+ infinitive of the semantic verb:

• Maurice allait sortir lorsque son ami est venu. – Mauricewas going toget out, WhencamehisFriend.

Le Futur Antérieur – for writing

This future tense is used to express a future action that precedes another future action. It is not used in oral speech- only in writing. LeFutureAnterieur formed like this: verb Avoir or Etre(12 special verbs) in FutureSimple+ participepassé conjugated verb:

J'aurai réussi
Tu auras réussi
Il/elle aura réussi
Nous aurons réussi
Vous aurez réussi
Ils/elles auront réussi

Le Futur Antérieur used in a sentence after conjunctions quand- When, lorsque- When, après que- after, des que- as soon as aussitôt que- as soon as and after si in an indirect question:

• Ilnousremercieraquandtout aura fini . - He'll thank us when it's all over.
• Jean ne sait pas si Catherine aura réussià le convaincre. - JeanNotknows, it will be possiblewhetherCatherinehisconvince.

The so-called brother of this future tense - LeFutureAnterieurdanslePassé. Such a future tense expresses a future action that will take place before another future action from the past. Used to coordinate tenses.

The pattern is as follows: auxiliary verb ( Avoir or Etre) V FuturedanslePassé +participepassé conjugated verb:

• Armandaditqu'onauraitplusderenseignementsaussitotqu'on aurait fini l'enquete. – Arman said that he will have more information as soon as he finishes the survey.

What is Le Futur dans le Passé for?

This type of future tense is used to coordinate tenses in a sentence. If the main sentence is built in the past plan, and the action subordinate clause needs to be expressed in terms of the future, then it is used LeFuturedanslePassé.

LeFuturedanslePassé formed as follows: verb infinitive + endings Imparfait:

Je parler ais
Tu parler ais
Il/elle parler ait
Nous parler ions
Vous parler iez
Ils/elles parler aient

• Je leur ai dit que je ne réussirais pas de terminer cet article. - Ithemsaid, WhatINotI'll have timefinishthisarticle.
• Jeannousaannoncéqu'iln'yirraitpasavecnous. – Jean told us that he would not go there with us.

Verbs Avoir or Etre conjugated in FuturedanslePassé on the same principle.

As you can see, dear readers, the future tense in French has many aspects. Of course, not all of them are needed for speech, however, it is necessary to be familiar with them. See you again in the future, friends!

Action that will happen in the future:
— we're talking about O exact fact, as a rule, with a known date
Ils se marieront le 24 septembre prochain, juste une semaine après nous.

- we are talking about an action that involves known duration
L'année prochaine, nous passerons quelques semaines à Madrid.

— repetitive future action
Tous les matins vous ferez une heure de gymnastique, puis vous irez courir vingt minutes.

Often the likelihood of an action being performed is enhanced with the help of an adverb or adverb of time.
Je reviendrai demain.
Ils se marieront en octobre prochain.

Since the action in the future has not yet taken place, the phrase often contains a moment of uncertainty, or, depending on the context, more or less likely implementation of this action.
Dans cent ans, on ira en vacances sur Mars.
Dimanche, on ira au zoo avec les enfants.

Futur simple often expresses rules, orders, orders.
Tu feras la vaisselle en suite tu rangeras ta chambre.

Futur simple "éternel" ( "eternal" truths).
Il y aura toujours des pauvres et des riches.

Futur simple can also express

— possibility, probability.
Paul n'a pas pris son petit déjeuner? Il dormira encore. (=probablement, il dort encore)

— anticipate a reaction interlocutor
Vous m'objecterez peut-être que...

- in oral speech - polite designs
Ça sera tout? Alors, ça vous fera 10 euros.

Futur proche

- When we are talking about an event that will happen very soon and almost certainly, then Futur proche is used. In such
in cases it can actually be replaced by present.
Cet après-midi, on va aller se baigner. Tu viens avec nous?
Attends-moi, je descends dans 10 minutes.

When choosing the future tense, you need to keep in mind several features of their use.
They differ in meaning. The action in Futur proche is always directly related to the moment of speaking. It means a fact that must happen.
Ma soeur Louise va avoir un bébé (c’est une réalité: elle est enceinte)

Often it can be about a result or consequence.
Regarde, le ciel est presque noir: il va certainement pleuvoir

Sometimes the proximity of an action in a futur proche to the present moment gives this action the sense of an imperative.
Maintenant, vous allez m'écouter (Écoutez-moi!)

It is not always possible to replace futur proche with futur simple.

For example, you could say: Ma soeur Louise va avoir un bébé.
But it sounds very clumsy: Ma soeur Louise aura un bébé.

To make it possible to use futur simple in the second example, you need to add a tense adverbial:
Ma soeur Louise aura un bé bé en mai prochain.

Or a conditional clause with “si”:
Si le test de grossesse est positif, ma soeur Louise aura enfin le bébé qu'elle désire tant.

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Exercises:
from grammar en dialogues II

From Exercisier